Novo Nordisk’s China partner posts strong Phase II data for triple incretin agonist

Novo Nordisk announced that its China-based partner United Bio-Technology’s investigational triple incretin receptor agonist UBT251 met the primary endpoint in a randomized Phase II study in adults with overweight or obesity, achieving up to 19.7% mean weight loss at 24 weeks versus 2.0% with placebo.

UBT251 is a once-weekly injectable peptide designed to activate glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon receptors, placing it within an emerging class of multi-agonist metabolic therapies under evaluation for obesity and related cardiometabolic disorders. The strength of performance at just 24 weeks of treatment indicates potential ability to out-perform single-target incretin drugs, and to offer competition to Eli Lilly’s own tri-agonist incretin drug retratutide.

Trial specifics

The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II study enrolled 205 adults in China with overweight or obesity and at least one weight-related comorbidity. Patients received once-weekly subcutaneous UBT251 across multiple dose cohorts or placebo over a 24-week treatment period, with percentage change in body weight from baseline at week 24 as the primary endpoint.

Treatment with UBT251 resulted in up to 19.7% mean weight reduction in the highest-dose group, compared with 2.0% in the placebo arm. Improvements were also reported across secondary metabolic endpoints including waist circumference, glycemic parameters, blood pressure, and lipid profiles. The safety profile was described as consistent with incretin-based therapies, although full data have not yet been publicly disclosed.

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A global Phase Ib/IIa study is ongoing to further evaluate safety and efficacy across broader patient populations, with topline results expected in 2027. United Bio-Technology said it is planning to initiate a Phase III trial in China based on the Phase II dataset.

Research context

UBT251 targets three hormone pathways involved in appetite regulation, insulin secretion, and energy expenditure through simultaneous activation of GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors. While GLP-1 receptor agonists are established therapies for obesity and type 2 diabetes, the addition of GIP and glucagon receptor activity is hypothesized to enhance weight loss through complementary effects on adiposity, glucose metabolism, and thermogenesis.

The asset is being co-developed under a March 2025 license agreement granting Novo Nordisk ex-China rights to the molecule, with United Bio retaining China market rights. The Phase II data represent a topline readout and cross-trial comparisons remain subject to significant limitations. However, the 19.7% mean weight loss reported at 24 weeks suggests UBT251 may fall within the emerging efficacy range observed for triple-agonist incretin therapies. Among this class, Eli Lilly’s GLP-1/GIP/glucagon receptor agonist retatrutide remains the most clinically advanced, with Phase II obesity data published in the New England Journal of Medicine showing dose-dependent weight loss of 22.8–24.2% at 48 weeks. UBT251’s 24-week efficacy places it in a potentially comparable potency range, pending longer-term durability and tolerability data.